Q1) Answer TWELVE of the following: (12 Marks) 1. Terms used to describe surfaces across which there has been perceptible displacement are many. However, most geologists would prefer one of the falling terms: (a) joints, (b) fractures, (c) cracks, or (d) faults. What term best describes a surface across which there has been perceptible displacement? 2. Force is a term common to physics. Its classical expression is Force = mass * acceleration. However geologists are more concerned with the intensity of force or more succinctly the stress. Stress is defined as 3. Stresses produce strains in Earth materials. What are strains? 4. There are two end-member varieties of faults: dip-slip and strike-slip. The displacement along a strike-slip fault is_to the strike of the fault. 5. The orientation of a plane in space is expressed by its attitude; a term consisting of two components, strike and dip. Define strike. Define dip. 6. Though many beds are upright others are not. For example, an overturned bed is one that has been rotated more than__degrees. 7. A dip-slip fault consists of the dipping fault surface and hanging and footwall blocks. he hanging wal ock lies _the dipping fault irface 8. In the following illustration what block is the White Pine located on? What block is the Maple located on? What kind of fault is illustrated? White Pine Maple 9. The footwall block lies La dipping fault surface. 10. What do you call a three dimensional surface separating Earth material of differing aspect? 11. In a dip-slip fault, if the hanging wall block moved up relative to the footwall block, then the fault is classified as a 12. Folds are either anticlines or synclines. Many large hydrocarbon reservoirs occur withi
EXPERT ANSWER 1. (d) because faults are surfaces across which Earth’s material has lost cohesion and there is perceptible displacement as the earth’s blocks can move relative to each other. In joints, fractures and cracks earth’s blocks do not move relative to each other. 2. In mechanics, stress is defined as a force applied per …