Biology

EXPERT ANSWER Answer Table1 female monster Characteristics Genotype Phenotype Number and size of eyes EE Two small eyes Eye color RR’ Pink color eyes Skin color GB Green, blue Tail shape cc straight tail Number of toes FF Four toes Ear shape yy rounded ears Table 2 male monster Characteristics Genotype Phenotype Number and size …

Part 1. The Female Monster In this part of the exercise, you will create the genotype of a female monster by flipping a coin to randomly select the alleles for six different characteristics. Procedure: 1. For each of the six characteristics in Table 1, flip a coin twice to determine the genotype, and record it in the table. Heads = allele 1, and tails = allele 2. For example, if you flipped heads twice, your monster will have two copies of allele 1 for that characteristic. If you get heads for one flip and tails for the other, then the genotype would be heterozygous (one of each allele). Two tails would mean two copies of allele 2. • NOTE: be very careful to clearly indicate whether the allele is an upper case letter or a lower case letter (such as in the C/c and Y/y pairs). 2. After you have entered the genotypes into the table, determine the phenotype for each characteristic based on those genotypes, and add that to Table 1. Pay attention to the type of inheritance indicated in each case (complete dominance, incomplete dominance, or codominance). Table 1. Genotypes and Phenotypes for the Female Monster Characteristic Allele 1 Allele 2 Genotype Phenotype Two small eyes (E) One large eye (e) Allele 1 Red (R) White (R’) heterozygous Number and size of eyes (complete dominance) Eye color (incomplete dominance) Skin color (codominance) Tail shape (complete dominance) Number of toes (incomplete dominance) Green (G) Blue (B) heterozygous Curly (C) Straight (c) Allele 2 Four toes (F) Two toes (F) Allele 1 Ear shape (complete dominance) Pointy (Y) Rounded (y) Allele 2 Part 2. The Male Monster The female monster you created in Part 1 and a male monster (see Table 2 below) plan to have baby monsters. They are interested in finding out, for each characteristic, the probability that their offspring will have a particular trait. Procedure: 1. Fill in the missing information in Table 2 for the male monster. Table 2. Genotypes and Phenotypes for the Male Monster Genotype Phenotype White White Characteristic Number and size of eyes (complete dominance) Eye color (incomplete dominance) Skin color (codominance) Tail shape (complete dominance) Number of toes (incomplete dominance) Ear shape (complete dominance) Green Straight Read More »

EXPERT ANSWER in this case, the parental phenotypes are- brown eyes, square wings, and red eyes and square wings. The number of parental types in the given progeny is much higher than that of the recombinants. So, Recombination frequency = (Number of recombinants / Total progeny) x 100% = (18 + 16 / 138) x 100% …

Question 3: (2 points) The famous scientist Johnny Nerdelbaum Frink decides to investigate a fly with unusual wings. He crosses a male fly with brown eyes and square wings to a female fly that has red eyes and square wings. The offspring consist of the following: 51 red, square 53 brown, square 18 red, oval 16 brown, oval Knowing nothing else about these flies, what could Frink deduce about the genotypes of the parents? Read More »

EXPERT ANSWER In December 2019, a new disease with pneumonia-like symptoms was spreading throughout Wuhan in China which was entitled as novel coronavirus disease or COVID -19 caused by the virus SARS CoV-2. Within a span of a few days, this disease became a global threat and was termed as a pandemic by the World …

Search for the name of the top 3 ranking US Journals in your Field of study and list them. Choose a topic or area of interest that you can find a journal article about and write a summary of that article and choose 10 scientific terms that you are to define using The Merriam Webster Dictionary first AND then define again using your Dictionary of Word Parts and combining Forms (the textbook I sent you the link for earlier in the semester). Make sure you include the full citation of your Journal Article and either a link for me to access it or a copy of it so I can read the original article. One source that you might find handy is ScienceDaily.com or Sclence News.com or Nature where you can search by topic in a given field and it shows a summary of the article but also takes you to the original article as well. Just. make sure you do not copy their summary and write your own please- do not plagiarize. Let me know if you need any help. Read More »

EXPERT ANSWER in this case, the parental phenotypes are- brown eyes, square wings, and red eyes and square wings. The number of parental types in the given progeny is much higher than that of the recombinants. So, Recombination frequency = (Number of recombinants / Total progeny) x 100% = (18 + 16 / 138) x 100% …

Question 3: (2 points) The famous scientist Johnny Nerdelbaum Frink decides to investigate a fly with unusual wings. He crosses a male fly with brown eyes and square wings to a female fly that has red eyes and square wings. The offspring consist of the following: 51 red, square 53 brown, square 18 red, oval 16 brown, oval Knowing nothing else about these flies, what could Frink deduce about the genotypes of the parents? Read More »

QUESTION 1 To help cope with the social distancing measures put in place in flattening the curve of COVID-19 infections, the healthcare industry had to adapt quickly to overcome it. Telehealth became a tool or medium for hospitals, clinics and doctors as one of the ways to provide the same quality of care services while …

To help cope with the social distancing measures put in place in flattening the curve of COVID-19 infections, the healthcare industry had to adapt quickly to overcome it. Telehealth became a tool or medium for hospitals, clinics and doctors as one of the ways to provide the same quality of care services while minimizing the spread of the coronavirus infection. Telehealth is the use of digital information and communication technologies, such as computers and mobile devices, to deliver healthcare services to patients without the need to be in the same physical location. Read More »

EXPERT ANSWER Air consists of more free oxygen as compared to water (which consist of bound oxygen to water molecule). Also, in the air, the amount of oxygen is more as compared to water. Thus, if the oxygen pick-up would have depend upon the amount of oxygen, then the person would have been able to …

If the ease of oxygen pick-up depends on oxygen concentration, would respiration be easier in air or in water? Read More »

EXPERT ANSWER QUESTION 5 ANSWER: Image B has lesions with a higher grade. EXPLANATION: Image A shows low-grade lesions of colorectal carcinoma. Colon tumours that are poorly differentiated (high-grade) develop and spread more quickly than those that are well and moderately differentiated. HSIL aberrant squamous cells are darker and bigger than normal squamous cells when …

QUESTION 5. Below are two examples of colorectal cancer early lesions. Based on our discussion during the practical class, identify which image has the lesions with the HIGHER grade. Both cancers have genetic and genomic features typical of Consensus Molecular Subtype 1 (CMS1) of colorectal cancer. What are the genetic features of CSM1? Read More »

EXPERT ANSWER In animals, wnt family members are widely conserved since they are required during growth, tissue patterning, and homeostasis because the canonical wnt signaling pathway controls cell fate by regulating gene expression. This signaling pathway starts by binding to the Frizzled and LRP5/6 coreceptors leading to the formation of a nuclear transcription complex that …

1. Beta-catenin is a core component of the cadherin protein complex, which plays a very crucial in the wnt-signaling pathway. In the absence of the wnt-signal, the Beta-catenin was mutated so that its phosphorylation is inhibited. What changes in the wnt-signaling pathway can be observed, under above conditions? What can be observed, if the TCF undergoes mutation causing it to be unable to bind to the transcription co-repressor (Groucho), in the absence of beta-catenin? Is beta-catenin capable of regulating the wnt gene expression process once TCF and the co-repressor (Groucho) are separated from the cell? Read More »

EXPERT ANSWER Besides, β-catenin promotes the progression of tumors via suppressing the T-cell responses . The activity of β-catenin is controlled by a large number of binding partners that affect its stability, cellular localization and transcriptional activity. In the canonical Wnt cascade, β-catenin is the key effector responsible for transduction of the signal to the …

QUESTION 3. Describe the characteristics of the beta-catenin staining in the tumour tissue below and its implication with regard to the wnt signalling pathway. Read More »

Figure: Diagram representing the position (and size) of the DNA fragments (Southern blot, left panel) and RNA transcripts (Northern blot, middle panel) recognized by the radioactive probe. The range of size listed on the left side of the left panel applies only to the Southern blot. The size of the proteins coded by the wild …

A genetic disease causing poor resistance to bacterial infection is linked to an unknown mutation in a gene carried by the X chromosome. The cDNA corresponding to this gene is used as a radioactive probe for Southern blot and Northern blot analyses. The results of these 3 experiments are illustrated below. Read More »